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CASE NO.: Appeal (civil)  6808 of 2005

PETITIONER: F.C.I. & Ors.

RESPONDENT: Sone Lal

DATE OF JUDGMENT: 14/11/2005

BENCH: Ruma Pal, Dr. AR. Lakshmanan & Dalveer Bhandari

JUDGMENT: J U D G M E N T (Arising out of S.L.P. (Civil) No. 10452 OF 2004)  WITH Civil Appeal No.6809/2005 (Arising out of S.L.P. (C) No. 18505/2004)

Dr. AR. Lakshmanan, J.

Leave granted.

Civil Appeal No.6808/2005 @ S.L.P. (Civil) No. 10452/2004 is directed  against the judgment in L.P.A. No. 938/2002 dated 19.12.2003  passed by the Division  Bench of the Punjab & Haryana Court confirming the judgment passed by learned  single Judge of the said Court in writ petition No. 2603 of 1988 and Civil Appeal No.  6809/2005 @ S.L.P. (Civil) No. 18505/2004 is directed against the final judgment  dated 06.05.2004 passed by the High Court of Punjab & Haryana in Civil writ petition  No. 18432 of 2002 whereby the Division Bench disposed of the writ petition in terms of  writ petition No. 2603 of 1998 as confirmed by the Division Bench judgment dated  19.12.2003 in L.P.A. No. 938 of 2002. Certain disciplinary proceedings were initiated against Sone Lal, the respondent  in S.L.P. (Civil) No. 10452/2004 and punishment of compulsory retirement was imposed  by the Sr. Regional Manager.  The respondent \026 Sone Lal had challenged the order of  compulsory retirement passed by the Sr. Regional Manager of the Food Corporation of  India whereby the penalty of compulsory retirement from service had been imposed  under Regulation 56 of the Food Corporation of India (Staff) Regulations, 1971  (hereinafter referred to as "the Regulations"), while the respondent was working as  Technical Assistant Grade-I.  The respondent challenged the said order on the ground  that the order of compulsory retirement had been passed by an authority lower in rank  than the appointing authority i.e. by the Senior Regional Manager whereas the order  could only be passed by the Zonal Manager as he claimed that he had been promoted  as Technical Assistant Grade-I by the Zonal Manager. The learned single Judge, by judgment dated 12.04.2002, allowed the writ  petition and set aside the order of compulsory retirement by holding that appellant No.3  was not competent to impose the penalty of compulsory retirement on the respondent.  Appeal by the Corporation before a Division Bench of the High Court was also  dismissed by holding that the respondent had been promoted as Technical Assistant  Grade-I by appellant No.2 (Zonal Manager) and appellant No.3 (Senior Regional  Manager) was lower in rank than appellant No.2 and was not competent to impose  major penalty of compulsory retirement on the respondent.  Aggrieved by the impugned  judgment passed by the Division Bench, the appellant filed the above appeal by way of  Special Leave Petition in this Court.  As already stated Civil Appeal No.________/2005 @ S.L.P. ) No. 18505 /2004  was filed by the Food Corporation of India against writ petition No. 18432/2002 which  was also disposed of by the Division Bench following the judgment passed by another  Division Bench in L.P.A. No. 938/2002.  Similar contentions as in the other case were  also taken in this civil appeal.   We heard Mr. A. Sharan, learned Addl. Solicitor General and Ms. Indra  Sawhney learned counsel for the appellants and Mr. Raju Ramachandran, learned

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senior counsel, Mr.S.P. Sharma and Mr. D.K. Thakur and other counsel for the  respective respondents. Learned Addl. Solicitor General \026 Mr. Sharan submitted that the respondent  Sone Lal had been promoted as Technical Assistant Grade-I by an authority equal in  rank i.e. Deputy Zonal Manager and that mere mention of the designation of Zonal  Manager (North) in the order of promotion could not and cannot lead to an inference  that the respondent had been promoted by that officer.  The order dated 28/29.11.1979  had been issued on the recommendations of the Committee headed by Deputy Zonal  Manager without obtaining of any approval from appellant No.2.  As per Regulation 56  Appendix 2 of the Regulations, the appellant No.3 is competent to make  appointment/promotion to the post of Technical Assistant Grade-I (which is a class-III  post) and, therefore, appellant No.3 had jurisdiction to impose the penalty of  compulsory retirement on the respondent. He would further submit that the Division  Bench while accepting that the Senior Regional Manager, appellant No.3 was  appointing authority for the post of Technical Assistant Grade-I which was a  group/category III post and could impose any penalty including major penalty erred in  holding that in the present case the appointing authority which as per explanation  appearing below proviso to Regulation 56 is the authority competent to appoint or a  higher authority which actually appointed the official concerned was the Zonal Manager  (Higher authority) and hence the major penalty of compulsory retirement could not have  been imposed by the Senior Regional Manager.  It is further submitted that as per  Regulation 56 and Appendix 2 of the Regulations, the appointing authority of category \026  III post is Senior Regional Manager/Regional Manager and the Zonal Manager is not  the appointing authority.  Therefore, the proceedings of the promotion committee were  not required to be approved nor were approved by the Zonal Manager.  There is no  regulation which provides that the proceedings/promotions made by the Zonal  Promotion Committee ought to be approved by any higher authority.  Per contra, Mr. Raju Ramachandran, learned senior counsel appearing for the  respondent submitted that the learned Division Bench reached its conclusion to the  effect that the appointment of the respondent was made by the Zonal Manager (North)  appellant No.2 after going through the relevant files which were produced by the  appellant before the High Court and, therefore, the conclusion as reached by the  learned Division Bench after going through the files is in accordance with the  letters/notings contained in the file and, therefore, no interference with the judgment of  the Division Bench is called for.  It was pointed out that the explanation to Regulation  56 clearly brings out the authority who may exercise power of imposing penalty under  the provisions of Regulation 56 and it clearly provide that in a case where the authority  which appointed the employee is an authority higher than the authority empowered to  make appointments to the grade/post under the Regulation than the power under  Regulation 54 to impose penalty as specified in Clauses (v) to (ix) the Regulations will  be exercised by such higher authority.  Mr. Raju Ramachandran also invited our attention to the judgments of both the  Courts, annexures and other relevant documents.  Lerned counsel appearing for the respondent \026 Mr. Bhopal Singh in special  leave petition No. 18505/2004 after reiterating the contentions raised earlier adopted  the arguments advanced by learned senior counsel \026 Mr. Raju Ramachandran.  Mr.  Ramachandran at the time of hearing has also raised the contention that the action  taken by appellant No.3 was vitiated due to violation of rules of natural justice inasmuch  as the respondent had not been supplied copy of the enquiry report and no notice was  given to him to show cause against the proposed punishment.   In the above factual background, the following questions of law need to be  decided by this Court:- a)      Whether the Senior Regional Manager, Food Corporation of India,  Regional Office, Punjab, was/is competent to impose the penalty of  compulsory retirement on the respondent under Regulation 56 of the  Food Corporation of India (Staff) Regulations, 1971? b)      Whether the action taken by appellant No.3 was vitiated due to  violation of the principles of natural justice?

Question No.1 We shall now advert to the first submission in regard to the competence of the  Senior Regional Manager to impose the penalty of compulsory retirement on the  respondent under Regulation 56 of the FCI (Staff) Regulations, 1971.  Regulation 56 of  the Regulations reads as under: "The Board or the authority specified in Appendix-2 in this

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behalf or any other authority (higher than the authority specified in  Appendix-2) empowered in this behalf by a general or special order of  the Board, may impose any of the penalties specified in Regulation 54  on any employee.

Provided that the penalties of reduction in rank, compulsory  retirement, removal from service or dismissal from service specified in  clauses (v) to (ix) of Regulation 54 shall not be imposed on any  employee by an authority lower than the appointing authority.   

Explanation:     Appointing Authority in relation to an employee for the  purpose of this Regulation shall be read as under:

(i)     The authority empowered to make appointments to the post/grade  which the employee for the time being holds; or

(ii)    The authority which appointed the employee to such post/grade as  the case may be whichever authority is the higher authority;

(iii)   The existing provisions in Apppendix-2 of the Regulations shall be  substituted by the statement as per Annexure hereto."

It was argued by learned counsel for the respondent that the order of  compulsory retirement was passed on 27.11.1987 and, therefore, the appointing  authority for the purpose of Regulation 56 is to be determined in accordance with the  explanation and in view of the aforesaid explanation the Senior Regional Manager  though an authority empowered to make an appointment could not have passed the  order imposing penalty of compulsory retirement in the present case inasmuch as the  order of appointment/promotion was made by the Zonal Manager.  It was further argued  that the findings of the learned single Judge and of the Division Bench are based on  perusal of the records and that there is little scope for interference with the concurrent  findings rendered by the learned single Judge and of the Division Bench.   We have carefully perused the records and the FCI Regulations.   In our opinion,  the Division Bench totally overlooked and failed to consider the case of the appellant  herein that the file had been put up before the Zonal Manager only for the purpose of  retention of Technical Assistant Grade-I selectees within Punjab, in promoted capacity  due to non-existing vacancies in the Region and not for approval of promotion of any  other officials.  This ground has been specifically and pointedly taken in the special  leave petition.  We are of the opinion that the inference drawn by the Division Bench is,  therefore, not correct and untenable. The Division Bench of the High Court while accepting that Senior Regional  Manager (appellant No.3) was the appointing authority for the post of ’Technical  Assistant Grade-I’ (a group/category III post) and could impose any penalty (including  major penalty), erred in holding that in the present case the "appointing authority" which  as per explanation appearing below proviso to Regulation 56 was the authority  competent to appoint or a higher authority which (actually) appointed the official  concerned was the Zonal Manager (higher authority) and hence the major penalty of  compulsory retirement could not have been imposed by the Senior Regional Manager.   The  Senior Regional Manager/Regional Manager /Zonal Manager are each competent  to impose any of the penalties i.e. minor as well as major penalties.  It is evident that  the Senior Regional Manager is not only the appointing authority for the post held by  the respondent but also he is competent to act as disciplinary authority for the purpose  of Regulations 56,57,58 and 59 of the Regulations and impose major penalties.  As  per  Regulation 56 and Appendix 2 of the Regulations the appointing authority of category  (III) post is Senior Regional Manager/Regional Manager and  that Zonal Manager is not  the appointing authority.  This apart the Respondent was not promoted by the Zonal  Manager (North) but by Zonal Promotion Committee though promotion orders are  issued from the Zonal office only because seniority of Group/category III is maintained  on Zonal basis in respect of all the regions under North Zone and Deputy Zonal  Manager posts the promotees with the zone and that Senior Regional Manager who is  equal in rank to the Deputy Zonal Manager had jurisdiction to initiate the proceedings  and impose penalty.  It is submitted that the proceedings of the Zonal Promotion  Committee were not required to be approved nor were approved by the Zonal Manager.   Moreover there is no regulation that provides that the proceedings/promotions made by  Zonal promotion Committee are to be approved by any higher authority.  In fact the file

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was never put up to the Zonal Manager for approval of the promotion made by Zonal  Promotion Committee.  In our view, the mere mention of the designation of the Zonal Manager (North) in  the office order of promotion could not lead to the inference that the respondent had  been promoted by that officer.  Both the learned single Judge and the Division Bench  have also erred in not appreciating that the order dated 28/29.11.1979 had been issued  on the recommendations of the Zonal Promotion Committee headed by Deputy Zonal  Manager without obtaining and without any necessity of obtaining approval from   appellant No.2.  In our view, the Zonal Promotion Committee is the final authority for  making promotions within category III and Zonal Manager has nothing to do with regard  to the promotions made by the Committee.  In fact, the respondents in both the appeals and 34 other officials were promoted  by the Zonal Promotion Committee and such vacancies for sanctioned posts were not  available in Punjab Region.  It is stated in the rejoinder affidavit that their services wer e  required to be retained in Punjab Region due to heavy rush of work and it is this matter  alone of retention of excess number that was put up before the Zonal Manager and not  the matter of approval of promotion of any of the selectees.  In our opinion, the  appellants have made out strong grounds for interference with the judgments passed  by the learned single Judge and of the Division Bench. We, therefore, hold that the Senior Regional Manager, FCI is competent to  impose the penalty of compulsory retirement on the respondent under Regulation 56 of  the Regulations.   Question No.2         According to Mr. Raju Ramachandran, the action taken by the appellant No.3  was vitiated due to violation of the rules of natural justice inasmuch as the respondent  had not been supplied copy of the enquiry report and no notice was given to him to  show cause against the proposed punishment.  In this context, we perused the  judgment passed by the learned single Judge and also of the Division Bench.  A  perusal of the learned single judge’s judgment would show that the case set up by the  respondent herein/writ petitioner was mainly that the impugned order of compulsory  retirement had been passed by the authority which was not competent to do so and,  therefore, the order dated 27.11.1987 annexure-P3 is illegal and without jurisdiction.   After extracting the submissions, the learned single Judge considered the sole point for  determination for disposal of the writ petition as to whether the impugned order dated  27.11.1987 has been passed by the authority which had the jurisdiction or not.  No  contention in regard to the violation of principles of natural justice was raised or argued  before the learned single Judge.  We have also perused the judgment of the Division Bench.  Before the Division  Bench, two contentions were raised - one with regard to the jurisdiction of appellant  No.3 to initiate disciplinary proceedings and impose punishment of compulsory  retirement and - two that the action taken by the appellant No.3 was vitiated due to  violation of principles of natural justice.  Though two contentions were raised, the  learned judges of the Division bench have considered only the jurisdiction of appellant  No.3 to impose the penalty of compulsory retirement.  Both the learned counsel  appearing for the respective parties have also advanced arguments mainly on that  contention.  At the time of hearing, copy of the writ petition filed before the High Court and  the copy of the written statement filed on behalf of the FCI was placed before us.  We  have perused the same.  It has been specifically mentioned in para 8 of the writ petition  that the Senior Regional Manager has not even issued any show cause notice before  inflicting such major penalty and moreover no enquiry report was supplied to the  petitioner before awarding punishment thus violates principles of natural justice.  In the  written statement filed by FCI in para 8 it has been stated as follows:- "No prejudice has been caused to the petitioner by non-issuance of show  cause notice before inflicting the penalties.  The order of punishment has  been passed in accordance with the provisions of FCI Staff Service  Regulations, 1971"

As rightly pointed out by Mr. Ramachandran, this question has not been  examined by the Division Bench and the High Court has allowed the writ petition on  another ground without going into the question of principles of natural justice.  We have  today confirmed the finding in regard to the competence of the Senior Regional Manger  in initiating departmental proceedings and imposing punishment.  We, therefore, remit  the matter to the Division Bench for consideration of the second issue, namely, violation

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of principles of natural justice. While disposing of the writ petition, the learned single judge directed the  Corporation to comply with the directions within one week failing which the appellants  herein were directed to be present in Court.  Since the respondent filed contempt  petition and no stay of the operation of the judgment passed by the learned single  Judge was granted by the Division bench of the High Court in LPA, the respondent was  reinstated in service as Technical Assistant on 23.08.2003.  It was mentioned in the  office order that this joining will be subject to the final outcome in LPA.  On 26.08.2003,  the High Court, after perusing the order of reinstatement, directed that all consequential  benefits including the payment of arrears accruing to the respondent be paid on or  before 28.08.2003 failing which the Regional Manger was ordered to be present on the  next date of hearing.  In pursuance to the directions issued by the learned single Judge  on 29.08.2003, the appellant Corporation handed over two cheques Nos. 207692 and  207693 dated 27.08.2003 drawn on State Bank of India amounting to Rs.5,30,847/-  along with calculations to the respondent.  Thus, it is seen the compliance of the  direction and payment of Rs.5,30,847/- have been complied with in obedience to the  directions of the Court order in contempt petition.  However, it has been clearly stated  that the joining and payment of salary etc. however will be subject to the final outcome  in LPA No.938/2002. Since we remit this matter to the Division Bench for consideration of the second  contention, the reinstatement ordered and the payments made and promotions, if any,  given etc. will be subject to the final outcome of the orders that may be passed in LPA  No. 938/2002 and Civil Writ petition No. 18432/2002.  Both the LPA and the civil writ  petitions are restored to its file and the Division Bench is requested to dispose of the  only issue in regard to the violation of principles of natural justice as alleged by the  respondents herein in both the matters. We, therefore, set aside the orders in LPA NO. 938/2002 dated 19.12.2003 and  the order dated 06.05.2004 in Civil writ petition No. 18432/2002 and remit the matter to  the Division Bench to consider the only question in regard to the violation of principles  of natural justice as alleged by the respective respondents after affording opportunity to  both parties.   We request the High Court to dispose of the matter on or before 28.02.2006.   Both the appeals are disposed of accordingly.  No costs.